Difference between revisions of "D"

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==


D is static, compiled language influenced by [[Cpp|C++]]. It was created by Walter Bright, author of the first C++ compiler to compile directly to machine code.
D is static, compiled language influenced by [[Cpp|C++]]. It was created by Walter Bright, author of the first C++ compiler to compile directly to machine code without using C as an intermediate language.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup>


D has an imperative core, but is a multi-paradigm language that includes support for object-orientated, functional, and generic programming.
D has an imperative core, but is a multi-paradigm language that includes support for object-orientated, functional, and generic programming.
'''NOTE:''' This article will deal with D2, the latest but still-in-development version)


== Advantages ==
== Advantages ==


* Fast language, with performance comparable to C++ while still being garbage collected by default.
* Compiles natively with performance comparable to C++ while still being garbage collected by default.
* Interfaces well with [[C]] libraries, without writing boilerplate or using a foreign function interface, though cannot import headers unmodified - see http://www.digitalmars.com/d/2.0/htomodule.html
* Interfaces well with [[C]] libraries, without writing boilerplate or using a foreign function interface and can import headers unmodified - see https://github.com/atilaneves/dpp. Although C++ interfacing is more limited, it is available (see D Programming Language Specification: Chapter 33).
* Has a modern module system, no need to write header files or deal with a preprocessor.
* Has a modern module system, no need to write header files or deal with a preprocessor.
* Syntax is familiar to C, C++, [[C_Sharp|C#]], [[Java]] etc programmers.
* Syntax is familiar to C, C++, [[C_Sharp|C#]], [[Java]] etc programmers.
* Supports the functional programming paradigm better than other C-like languages, with features such as closures, delegates, transitive immutability, higher order functions, anonymous functions, and the ability to write compiler enforced pure functions.
* Supports the functional programming paradigm better than other C-like languages, with features such as closures, delegates, transitive immutability, higher order functions, anonymous functions, and the ability to write compiler enforced pure functions.
* D2 tries to do the template metaprogramming thing, which C++ supports without really meaning to, in a way that's actually sane to use.
* Supports the template metaprogramming thing, which C++ supports without really meaning to, in a way that's actually sane to use.
* DMD, the official compiler, is very fast, typically an order of magnitude faster than gcc for C/C++.
* DMD builds code incredibly fast, making compile-edit-run cycles comparable to dynamic languages. Build automation tools like make, etc. can be used in the same way as they are used in C/C++ projects.
* Knowledgeable, helpful community (including the D.learn forum for asking questions).
* Unicode native - call the &#9731;.melt() function, or instantiate a &#128161;!T; the basic string type is UTF-8.
* A package registry (http://code.dlang.org/)


== Disadvantages ==
== Disadvantages ==


* Paucity of tools such as IDE's, editor support, debuggers etc compared to more popular languages.
* There aren't as many libraries available if you want pure D implementations.
* Documentation is scarce and incomplete (though this is somewhat offset by the knowledgeable community)
* The language is mostly stable, but still has breaking changes on rare occasions (although these are preceded by deprecation warnings)
* The language is still in development so has some rough edges.
* Documentation sometimes abstruse or lacking examples; paucity of beginner learning resources.
* DMD, the official compiler, has no 64-bit support.
* The community is divided between the stable but inactive D1 and the incompatible and still somewhat unstable D2.


== Compilers ==
== Compilers/Tooling ==


* DMD (official compiler) - http://www.digitalmars.com/d/2.0/dmd-windows.html
* DMD (reference compiler; bleeding edge feature support) - http://dlang.org/download.html
* GDC (for GCC backend, includes support for 64 bit) - http://bitbucket.org/goshawk/gdc/wiki/Home
* GDC (GCC backend; strong optimization; targets the most platforms, but generally a bit behind) - http://gdcproject.org/
* LDC (for LLVM backend, includes support for 64 bit) - http://www.dsource.org/projects/ldc
* LDC (LLVM backend; also strong optimizations, targets almost as many platforms as GDC but generally implements a bit newer version of the language) - http://wiki.dlang.org/LDC
* Dub (Package manager and build tool) - http://code.dlang.org/download
* IDEs and IDE plugins - http://wiki.dlang.org/IDEs
* Editor support - http://wiki.dlang.org/Editors
* Other stuff (debugging, profiling, fixup, etc.) - http://wiki.dlang.org/Development_tools


== Roguelike Libraries ==
== Roguelike Libraries ==


Bindings for [[libtcod]] - http://code.google.com/p/libtcod-d/
* Bindings for [[libtcod]] - https://github.com/jaydg/libtcod-d
* Interface to [[Ncurses]] - https://github.com/D-Programming-Deimos/ncurses
* Bindings to [[BearLibTerminal]] - https://github.com/Elronnd/bearlibterminal-dlang
* Adam Ruppe's arsd collection (simpledisplay, terminal, eventloop, database, script, etc.) - https://github.com/adamdruppe/arsd
* Terminal ANSI colour lib - http://code.dlang.org/packages/rainbow
* Parser for Tiled maps - http://code.dlang.org/packages/dtiled
* ArmageddonEngine, D library for games, network applications etc. (lots of utility code) - https://github.com/CyberShadow/ae
* scone - cross-platform terminal application library - http://code.dlang.org/packages/scone
* [[NotEye|Necklace of the Eye]] includes sample in D.


== D Roguelikes ==
== D Roguelikes ==


* {{7DRL}} [[Infection]]
* {{7DRL}} [[Infection]]
* {{Alpha}} [[Arcan Myth RL]]
* {{Alpha}} [[Tetraworld]]


== Links ==
== Links ==


* [http://www.digitalmars.com/d/ Official Site]
* [http://www.dlang.org/ Official Site]
* [irc://irc.freenode.net/d IRC channel]
* [irc://irc.freenode.net/d IRC channel]
* [http://www.prowiki.org/wiki4d/wiki.cgi?FrontPage D wiki]
* [http://wiki.dlang.org/ wiki]
* [http://www.dsource.org/ dsource]
* [http://code.dlang.org/ DUB registry]


[[Category:Programming languages]]
[[Category:Programming languages]]

Latest revision as of 20:54, 6 November 2020

Introduction

D is static, compiled language influenced by C++. It was created by Walter Bright, author of the first C++ compiler to compile directly to machine code without using C as an intermediate language.[citation needed]

D has an imperative core, but is a multi-paradigm language that includes support for object-orientated, functional, and generic programming.

Advantages

  • Compiles natively with performance comparable to C++ while still being garbage collected by default.
  • Interfaces well with C libraries, without writing boilerplate or using a foreign function interface and can import headers unmodified - see https://github.com/atilaneves/dpp. Although C++ interfacing is more limited, it is available (see D Programming Language Specification: Chapter 33).
  • Has a modern module system, no need to write header files or deal with a preprocessor.
  • Syntax is familiar to C, C++, C#, Java etc programmers.
  • Supports the functional programming paradigm better than other C-like languages, with features such as closures, delegates, transitive immutability, higher order functions, anonymous functions, and the ability to write compiler enforced pure functions.
  • Supports the template metaprogramming thing, which C++ supports without really meaning to, in a way that's actually sane to use.
  • DMD builds code incredibly fast, making compile-edit-run cycles comparable to dynamic languages. Build automation tools like make, etc. can be used in the same way as they are used in C/C++ projects.
  • Knowledgeable, helpful community (including the D.learn forum for asking questions).
  • Unicode native - call the ☃.melt() function, or instantiate a 💡!T; the basic string type is UTF-8.
  • A package registry (http://code.dlang.org/)

Disadvantages

  • There aren't as many libraries available if you want pure D implementations.
  • The language is mostly stable, but still has breaking changes on rare occasions (although these are preceded by deprecation warnings)
  • Documentation sometimes abstruse or lacking examples; paucity of beginner learning resources.

Compilers/Tooling

Roguelike Libraries

D Roguelikes

Links