Roguelike Tutorial, using python3+tdl, part 6 code
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
This is part of a series of tutorials; the main page can be found here. The tutorial uses tdl version 3.0.2 and Python 3.5 |
AI
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tdl
from random import randint
import colors
import math
#actual size of the window
SCREEN_WIDTH = 80
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 50
#size of the map
MAP_WIDTH = 80
MAP_HEIGHT = 45
#parameters for dungeon generator
ROOM_MAX_SIZE = 10
ROOM_MIN_SIZE = 6
MAX_ROOMS = 30
MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS = 3
FOV_ALGO = 'BASIC'
FOV_LIGHT_WALLS = True
TORCH_RADIUS = 10
REALTIME = False
LIMIT_FPS = 20 #20 frames-per-second maximum
color_dark_wall = (0, 0, 100)
color_light_wall = (130, 110, 50)
color_dark_ground = (50, 50, 150)
color_light_ground = (200, 180, 50)
class Tile:
#a tile of the map and its properties
def __init__(self, blocked, block_sight=None):
self.blocked = blocked
#all tiles start unexplored
self.explored = False
#by default, if a tile is blocked, it also blocks sight
if block_sight is None:
block_sight = blocked
self.block_sight = block_sight
class Rect:
#a rectangle on the map. used to characterize a room.
def __init__(self, x, y, w, h):
self.x1 = x
self.y1 = y
self.x2 = x + w
self.y2 = y + h
def center(self):
center_x = (self.x1 + self.x2) // 2
center_y = (self.y1 + self.y2) // 2
return (center_x, center_y)
def intersect(self, other):
#returns true if this rectangle intersects with another one
return (self.x1 <= other.x2 and self.x2 >= other.x1 and
self.y1 <= other.y2 and self.y2 >= other.y1)
class GameObject:
#this is a generic object: the player, a monster, an item, the stairs...
#it's always represented by a character on screen.
def __init__(self, x, y, char, name, color, blocks=False,
fighter=None, ai=None):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.char = char
self.color = color
self.name = name
self.blocks = blocks
self.fighter = fighter
if self.fighter: #let the fighter component know who owns it
self.fighter.owner = self
self.ai = ai
if self.ai: #let the AI component know who owns it
self.ai.owner = self
def move(self, dx, dy):
#move by the given amount, if the destination is not blocked
if not is_blocked(self.x + dx, self.y + dy):
self.x += dx
self.y += dy
def move_towards(self, target_x, target_y):
#vector from this object to the target, and distance
dx = target_x - self.x
dy = target_y - self.y
distance = math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)
#normalize it to length 1 (preserving direction), then round it and
#convert to integer so the movement is restricted to the map grid
dx = int(round(dx / distance))
dy = int(round(dy / distance))
self.move(dx, dy)
def distance_to(self, other):
#return the distance to another object
dx = other.x - self.x
dy = other.y - self.y
return math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)
def draw(self):
global visible_tiles
#only show if it's visible to the player
if (self.x, self.y) in visible_tiles:
#draw the character that represents this object at its position
con.draw_char(self.x, self.y, self.char, self.color, bg=None)
def clear(self):
#erase the character that represents this object
con.draw_char(self.x, self.y, ' ', self.color, bg=None)
class Fighter:
#combat-related properties and methods (monster, player, NPC).
def __init__(self, hp, defense, power):
self.max_hp = hp
self.hp = hp
self.defense = defense
self.power = power
class BasicMonster:
#AI for a basic monster.
def take_turn(self):
#a basic monster takes its turn. If you can see it, it can see you
monster = self.owner
if (monster.x, monster.y) in visible_tiles:
#move towards player if far away
if monster.distance_to(player) >= 2:
monster.move_towards(player.x, player.y)
#close enough, attack! (if the player is still alive.)
elif player.fighter.hp > 0:
print('The attack of the ' + monster.name + ' bounces off your shiny metal armor!')
def is_blocked(x, y):
#first test the map tile
if my_map[x][y].blocked:
return True
#now check for any blocking objects
for obj in objects:
if obj.blocks and obj.x == x and obj.y == y:
return True
return False
def create_room(room):
global my_map
#go through the tiles in the rectangle and make them passable
for x in range(room.x1 + 1, room.x2):
for y in range(room.y1 + 1, room.y2):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def create_h_tunnel(x1, x2, y):
global my_map
for x in range(min(x1, x2), max(x1, x2) + 1):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def create_v_tunnel(y1, y2, x):
global my_map
#vertical tunnel
for y in range(min(y1, y2), max(y1, y2) + 1):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def is_visible_tile(x, y):
global my_map
if x >= MAP_WIDTH or x < 0:
return False
elif y >= MAP_HEIGHT or y < 0:
return False
elif my_map[x][y].blocked == True:
return False
elif my_map[x][y].block_sight == True:
return False
else:
return True
def make_map():
global my_map
#fill map with "blocked" tiles
my_map = [[ Tile(True)
for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT) ]
for x in range(MAP_WIDTH) ]
rooms = []
num_rooms = 0
for r in range(MAX_ROOMS):
#random width and height
w = randint(ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
h = randint(ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
#random position without going out of the boundaries of the map
x = randint(0, MAP_WIDTH-w-1)
y = randint(0, MAP_HEIGHT-h-1)
#"Rect" class makes rectangles easier to work with
new_room = Rect(x, y, w, h)
#run through the other rooms and see if they intersect with this one
failed = False
for other_room in rooms:
if new_room.intersect(other_room):
failed = True
break
if not failed:
#this means there are no intersections, so this room is valid
#"paint" it to the map's tiles
create_room(new_room)
#center coordinates of new room, will be useful later
(new_x, new_y) = new_room.center()
if num_rooms == 0:
#this is the first room, where the player starts at
player.x = new_x
player.y = new_y
else:
#all rooms after the first:
#connect it to the previous room with a tunnel
#center coordinates of previous room
(prev_x, prev_y) = rooms[num_rooms-1].center()
#draw a coin (random number that is either 0 or 1)
if randint(0, 1):
#first move horizontally, then vertically
create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, prev_y)
create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, new_x)
else:
#first move vertically, then horizontally
create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, prev_x)
create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, new_y)
#add some contents to this room, such as monsters
place_objects(new_room)
#finally, append the new room to the list
rooms.append(new_room)
num_rooms += 1
def place_objects(room):
#choose random number of monsters
num_monsters = randint(0, MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS)
for i in range(num_monsters):
#choose random spot for this monster
x = randint(room.x1, room.x2)
y = randint(room.y1, room.y2)
#only place it if the tile is not blocked
if not is_blocked(x, y):
if randint(0, 100) < 80: #80% chance of getting an orc
#create an orc
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=10, defense=0, power=3)
ai_component = BasicMonster()
monster = GameObject(x, y, 'o', 'orc', colors.desaturated_green,
blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
else:
#create a troll
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=16, defense=1, power=4)
ai_component = BasicMonster()
monster = GameObject(x, y, 'T', 'troll', colors.darker_green,
blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
objects.append(monster)
def render_all():
global fov_recompute
global visible_tiles
if fov_recompute:
fov_recompute = False
visible_tiles = tdl.map.quickFOV(player.x, player.y,
is_visible_tile,
fov=FOV_ALGO,
radius=TORCH_RADIUS,
lightWalls=FOV_LIGHT_WALLS)
#go through all tiles, and set their background color according to the FOV
for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT):
for x in range(MAP_WIDTH):
visible = (x, y) in visible_tiles
wall = my_map[x][y].block_sight
if not visible:
#if it's not visible right now, the player can only see it if it's explored
if my_map[x][y].explored:
if wall:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_dark_wall)
else:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_dark_ground)
else:
if wall:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_light_wall)
else:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_light_ground)
#since it's visible, explore it
my_map[x][y].explored = True
#draw all objects in the list
for obj in objects:
obj.draw()
#blit the contents of "con" to the root console and present it
root.blit(con, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0, 0)
def player_move_or_attack(dx, dy):
global fov_recompute
#the coordinates the player is moving to/attacking
x = player.x + dx
y = player.y + dy
#try to find an attackable object there
target = None
for obj in objects:
if obj.x == x and obj.y == y:
target = obj
break
#attack if target found, move otherwise
if target is not None:
print('The ' + target.name + ' laughs at your puny efforts to attack him!')
else:
player.move(dx, dy)
fov_recompute = True
def handle_keys():
global playerx, playery
global fov_recompute
if REALTIME:
keypress = False
for event in tdl.event.get():
if event.type == 'KEYDOWN':
user_input = event
keypress = True
if not keypress:
return
else: #turn-based
user_input = tdl.event.key_wait()
if user_input.key == 'ENTER' and user_input.alt:
#Alt+Enter: toggle fullscreen
tdl.set_fullscreen(True)
elif user_input.key == 'ESCAPE':
return 'exit' #exit game
if game_state == 'playing':
#movement keys
if user_input.key == 'UP':
player_move_or_attack(0, -1)
elif user_input.key == 'DOWN':
player_move_or_attack(0, 1)
elif user_input.key == 'LEFT':
player_move_or_attack(-1, 0)
elif user_input.key == 'RIGHT':
player_move_or_attack(1, 0)
else:
return 'didnt-take-turn'
#############################################
# Initialization & Main Loop #
#############################################
tdl.set_font('arial10x10.png', greyscale=True, altLayout=True)
root = tdl.init(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, title="Roguelike", fullscreen=False)
tdl.setFPS(LIMIT_FPS)
con = tdl.Console(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)
#create object representing the player
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=30, defense=2, power=5)
player = GameObject(0, 0, '@', 'player', colors.white, blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component)
#the list of objects with those two
objects = [player]
#generate map (at this point it's not drawn to the screen)
make_map()
fov_recompute = True
game_state = 'playing'
player_action = None
while not tdl.event.is_window_closed():
#draw all objects in the list
render_all()
tdl.flush()
#erase all objects at their old locations, before they move
for obj in objects:
obj.clear()
#handle keys and exit game if needed
player_action = handle_keys()
if player_action == 'exit':
break
#let monsters take their turn
if game_state == 'playing' and player_action != 'didnt-take-turn':
for obj in objects:
if obj.ai:
obj.ai.take_turn()
Untimely deaths
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import tdl
from random import randint
import colors
import math
#actual size of the window
SCREEN_WIDTH = 80
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 50
#size of the map
MAP_WIDTH = 80
MAP_HEIGHT = 45
#parameters for dungeon generator
ROOM_MAX_SIZE = 10
ROOM_MIN_SIZE = 6
MAX_ROOMS = 30
MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS = 3
FOV_ALGO = 'BASIC'
FOV_LIGHT_WALLS = True
TORCH_RADIUS = 10
REALTIME = False
LIMIT_FPS = 20 #20 frames-per-second maximum
color_dark_wall = (0, 0, 100)
color_light_wall = (130, 110, 50)
color_dark_ground = (50, 50, 150)
color_light_ground = (200, 180, 50)
class Tile:
#a tile of the map and its properties
def __init__(self, blocked, block_sight=None):
self.blocked = blocked
#all tiles start unexplored
self.explored = False
#by default, if a tile is blocked, it also blocks sight
if block_sight is None:
block_sight = blocked
self.block_sight = block_sight
class Rect:
#a rectangle on the map. used to characterize a room.
def __init__(self, x, y, w, h):
self.x1 = x
self.y1 = y
self.x2 = x + w
self.y2 = y + h
def center(self):
center_x = (self.x1 + self.x2) // 2
center_y = (self.y1 + self.y2) // 2
return (center_x, center_y)
def intersect(self, other):
#returns true if this rectangle intersects with another one
return (self.x1 <= other.x2 and self.x2 >= other.x1 and
self.y1 <= other.y2 and self.y2 >= other.y1)
class GameObject:
#this is a generic object: the player, a monster, an item, the stairs...
#it's always represented by a character on screen.
def __init__(self, x, y, char, name, color, blocks=False,
fighter=None, ai=None):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.char = char
self.color = color
self.name = name
self.blocks = blocks
self.fighter = fighter
if self.fighter: #let the fighter component know who owns it
self.fighter.owner = self
self.ai = ai
if self.ai: #let the AI component know who owns it
self.ai.owner = self
def move(self, dx, dy):
#move by the given amount, if the destination is not blocked
if not is_blocked(self.x + dx, self.y + dy):
self.x += dx
self.y += dy
def move_towards(self, target_x, target_y):
#vector from this object to the target, and distance
dx = target_x - self.x
dy = target_y - self.y
distance = math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)
#normalize it to length 1 (preserving direction), then round it and
#convert to integer so the movement is restricted to the map grid
dx = int(round(dx / distance))
dy = int(round(dy / distance))
self.move(dx, dy)
def distance_to(self, other):
#return the distance to another object
dx = other.x - self.x
dy = other.y - self.y
return math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)
def send_to_back(self):
#make this object be drawn first, so all others appear above it if they're in the same tile.
global objects
objects.remove(self)
objects.insert(0, self)
def draw(self):
global visible_tiles
#only show if it's visible to the player
if (self.x, self.y) in visible_tiles:
#draw the character that represents this object at its position
con.draw_char(self.x, self.y, self.char, self.color, bg=None)
def clear(self):
#erase the character that represents this object
con.draw_char(self.x, self.y, ' ', self.color, bg=None)
class Fighter:
#combat-related properties and methods (monster, player, NPC).
def __init__(self, hp, defense, power, death_function=None):
self.max_hp = hp
self.hp = hp
self.defense = defense
self.power = power
self.death_function = death_function
def take_damage(self, damage):
#apply damage if possible
if damage > 0:
self.hp -= damage
#check for death. if there's a death function, call it
if self.hp <= 0:
function = self.death_function
if function is not None:
function(self.owner)
def attack(self, target):
#a simple formula for attack damage
damage = self.power - target.fighter.defense
if damage > 0:
#make the target take some damage
print(self.owner.name.capitalize() + ' attacks ' + target.name +
' for ' + str(damage) + ' hit points.')
target.fighter.take_damage(damage)
else:
print(self.owner.name.capitalize() + ' attacks ' + target.name +
' but it has no effect!')
class BasicMonster:
#AI for a basic monster.
def take_turn(self):
#a basic monster takes its turn. If you can see it, it can see you
monster = self.owner
if (monster.x, monster.y) in visible_tiles:
#move towards player if far away
if monster.distance_to(player) >= 2:
monster.move_towards(player.x, player.y)
#close enough, attack! (if the player is still alive.)
elif player.fighter.hp > 0:
monster.fighter.attack(player)
def is_blocked(x, y):
#first test the map tile
if my_map[x][y].blocked:
return True
#now check for any blocking objects
for obj in objects:
if obj.blocks and obj.x == x and obj.y == y:
return True
return False
def create_room(room):
global my_map
#go through the tiles in the rectangle and make them passable
for x in range(room.x1 + 1, room.x2):
for y in range(room.y1 + 1, room.y2):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def create_h_tunnel(x1, x2, y):
global my_map
for x in range(min(x1, x2), max(x1, x2) + 1):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def create_v_tunnel(y1, y2, x):
global my_map
#vertical tunnel
for y in range(min(y1, y2), max(y1, y2) + 1):
my_map[x][y].blocked = False
my_map[x][y].block_sight = False
def is_visible_tile(x, y):
global my_map
if x >= MAP_WIDTH or x < 0:
return False
elif y >= MAP_HEIGHT or y < 0:
return False
elif my_map[x][y].blocked == True:
return False
elif my_map[x][y].block_sight == True:
return False
else:
return True
def make_map():
global my_map
#fill map with "blocked" tiles
my_map = [[ Tile(True)
for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT) ]
for x in range(MAP_WIDTH) ]
rooms = []
num_rooms = 0
for r in range(MAX_ROOMS):
#random width and height
w = randint(ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
h = randint(ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
#random position without going out of the boundaries of the map
x = randint(0, MAP_WIDTH-w-1)
y = randint(0, MAP_HEIGHT-h-1)
#"Rect" class makes rectangles easier to work with
new_room = Rect(x, y, w, h)
#run through the other rooms and see if they intersect with this one
failed = False
for other_room in rooms:
if new_room.intersect(other_room):
failed = True
break
if not failed:
#this means there are no intersections, so this room is valid
#"paint" it to the map's tiles
create_room(new_room)
#center coordinates of new room, will be useful later
(new_x, new_y) = new_room.center()
if num_rooms == 0:
#this is the first room, where the player starts at
player.x = new_x
player.y = new_y
else:
#all rooms after the first:
#connect it to the previous room with a tunnel
#center coordinates of previous room
(prev_x, prev_y) = rooms[num_rooms-1].center()
#draw a coin (random number that is either 0 or 1)
if randint(0, 1):
#first move horizontally, then vertically
create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, prev_y)
create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, new_x)
else:
#first move vertically, then horizontally
create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, prev_x)
create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, new_y)
#add some contents to this room, such as monsters
place_objects(new_room)
#finally, append the new room to the list
rooms.append(new_room)
num_rooms += 1
def place_objects(room):
#choose random number of monsters
num_monsters = randint(0, MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS)
for i in range(num_monsters):
#choose random spot for this monster
x = randint(room.x1, room.x2)
y = randint(room.y1, room.y2)
#only place it if the tile is not blocked
if not is_blocked(x, y):
if randint(0, 100) < 80: #80% chance of getting an orc
#create an orc
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=10, defense=0, power=3,
death_function=monster_death)
ai_component = BasicMonster()
monster = GameObject(x, y, 'o', 'orc', colors.desaturated_green,
blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
else:
#create a troll
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=16, defense=1, power=4,
death_function=monster_death)
ai_component = BasicMonster()
monster = GameObject(x, y, 'T', 'troll', colors.darker_green,
blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
objects.append(monster)
def render_all():
global fov_recompute
global visible_tiles
if fov_recompute:
fov_recompute = False
visible_tiles = tdl.map.quickFOV(player.x, player.y,
is_visible_tile,
fov=FOV_ALGO,
radius=TORCH_RADIUS,
lightWalls=FOV_LIGHT_WALLS)
#go through all tiles, and set their background color according to the FOV
for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT):
for x in range(MAP_WIDTH):
visible = (x, y) in visible_tiles
wall = my_map[x][y].block_sight
if not visible:
#if it's not visible right now, the player can only see it if it's explored
if my_map[x][y].explored:
if wall:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_dark_wall)
else:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_dark_ground)
else:
if wall:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_light_wall)
else:
con.draw_char(x, y, None, fg=None, bg=color_light_ground)
#since it's visible, explore it
my_map[x][y].explored = True
#draw all objects in the list
for obj in objects:
if obj != player:
obj.draw()
player.draw()
#blit the contents of "con" to the root console and present it
root.blit(con, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0, 0)
#show the player's stats
con.draw_str(1, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 2, 'HP: ' + str(player.fighter.hp) + '/' +
str(player.fighter.max_hp) + ' ')
def player_move_or_attack(dx, dy):
global fov_recompute
#the coordinates the player is moving to/attacking
x = player.x + dx
y = player.y + dy
#try to find an attackable object there
target = None
for obj in objects:
if obj.fighter and obj.x == x and obj.y == y:
target = object
break
#attack if target found, move otherwise
if target is not None:
player.fighter.attack(target)
else:
player.move(dx, dy)
fov_recompute = True
def handle_keys():
global playerx, playery
global fov_recompute
if REALTIME:
keypress = False
for event in tdl.event.get():
if event.type == 'KEYDOWN':
user_input = event
keypress = True
if not keypress:
return
else: #turn-based
user_input = tdl.event.key_wait()
if user_input.key == 'ENTER' and user_input.alt:
#Alt+Enter: toggle fullscreen
tdl.set_fullscreen(True)
elif user_input.key == 'ESCAPE':
return 'exit' #exit game
if game_state == 'playing':
#movement keys
if user_input.key == 'UP':
player_move_or_attack(0, -1)
elif user_input.key == 'DOWN':
player_move_or_attack(0, 1)
elif user_input.key == 'LEFT':
player_move_or_attack(-1, 0)
elif user_input.key == 'RIGHT':
player_move_or_attack(1, 0)
else:
return 'didnt-take-turn'
def player_death(player):
#the game ended!
global game_state
print('You died!')
game_state = 'dead'
#for added effect, transform the player into a corpse!
player.char = '%'
player.color = colors.dark_red
def monster_death(monster):
#transform it into a nasty corpse! it doesn't block, can't be
#attacked and doesn't move
print(monster.name.capitalize() + ' is dead!')
monster.char = '%'
monster.color = colors.dark_red
monster.blocks = False
monster.fighter = None
monster.ai = None
monster.name = 'remains of ' + monster.name
monster.send_to_back()
#############################################
# Initialization & Main Loop #
#############################################
tdl.set_font('arial10x10.png', greyscale=True, altLayout=True)
root = tdl.init(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, title="Roguelike", fullscreen=False)
tdl.setFPS(LIMIT_FPS)
con = tdl.Console(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)
#create object representing the player
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=30, defense=2, power=5, death_function=player_death)
player = GameObject(0, 0, '@', 'player', colors.white, blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component)
#the list of objects with those two
objects = [player]
#generate map (at this point it's not drawn to the screen)
make_map()
fov_recompute = True
game_state = 'playing'
player_action = None
while not tdl.event.is_window_closed():
#draw all objects in the list
render_all()
tdl.flush()
#erase all objects at their old locations, before they move
for obj in objects:
obj.clear()
#handle keys and exit game if needed
player_action = handle_keys()
if player_action == 'exit':
break
#let monsters take their turn
if game_state == 'playing' and player_action != 'didnt-take-turn':
for obj in objects:
if obj.ai:
obj.ai.take_turn()